School of Business & Public Management

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Author: search.filters.author.Githira, Charles.Has files: Yes

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    The role of foreign aid and remittance inflows on ecological footprints and pollution levels in Sub-Saharan Africa
    (Wohllebe & Ross., 2026) Githira, Charles.; Bunyasi, Gladys.; Makokha, David.
    Streamlined foreign finances accelerate sustainable transformative economies and reducing ecological footprints. Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries are reeling from heavy debt coupled with absence of eco-investments and foreign aid overdependence. Limited transition towards low-carbon future risked dignified life, quality health, water and zero poverty, among sustainable development goals. This paper investigated the role of foreign aid and remittance inflows on ecological footprints and pollution levels from a census of SSA from 1990 to 2023. Regressions involved canonical correlations and GMM estimations. Persistent lagged values of EFPRD and AQI over current pollutions resulted from past regulatory challenges, clean energy costs and limited green investments. Increasing ihs_REM_IGDP and ODA_NPCP caused high ecological footprints and air pollutions while ODA_NGDP caused a reduction with negligible effect due to their statistical insignificance. Moreover, Instrument variables from lagged values were valid given Arellano-Bond tests at AR (1) were significant at 0.05, AR (2) were insignificant, while instrument counts and Hansen tests were valid. We recommend policymakers to develop blended sustainable financial models to spur economic resilience through private sector sustainable entrepreneurships while green finance social bonds earmarked for diaspora remittances should be facilitated for attainment of SDG’s through collaborative funding of healthcare systems and resilient community empowerment projects.
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    Trade efficiency and environmental quality in Sub-Saharan Africa
    (DSRPT UG ACADEMIC PUBLISHING, 2026) Githira, Charles.; Bunyasi, Glays.; Makokha, David.
    Abstract Trade efficiency facilitates transactions and economic activities that flourish due to tariff relaxations. However, climate change has been exacerbated from excessive extractions, trade flaws and spatial redistribution of emissions. This research examined the influence of trade efficiency on environmental quality across 20 SSA countries, from 1990 to 2023 through dynamic panel GMM. A 1% increase of balance of payments contributed to rising carbon emissions and was statistically significant. Given the statistical insignificance of GDP per capita and squared GDP per capita on L1.ihs_CO2, L1.ihs_AQI and L1.ihs_EFPRD variables, the Environmental Kuznets Curve theory was not supported. Moreover, significant AR (1) at 0.05, insignificant AR (2), and valid Hansen tests validated the models. This paper recommends governments and policymakers to initiate green economy trade agreements for sustainable export production and inward investments. Sustainable bioeconomy regulations should also be developed for agricultural stakeholders to improve on the balance of payments and environmental quality.