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Influence of Financial Management Reforms on Public Expenditures in the County Governments of the Western Region of Kenya
(Reviewed Journal of Financial Management, 2022) Kulova, David M.; Bunyasi, Gladys N.W.
The financial management reforms on public expenditure implemented under the preceding Strategy 2013-2018 were designed around functional themes based on the budget cycle. The reforms are aimed at ensuring both fiscal efficiency and discipline in the use of public finances for the betterment of the Kenyan people. This study examined influence of public financial management reforms (budget reforms and financial reporting reforms) on public expenditures in the County Governments of the Western Region of Kenya; Kakamega, Vihiga, Busia and Bungoma County Governments. The study utilized a descriptive survey design. The study targeted 65 Chief Officers from the four Counties in the Western Region. A total of 65 respondents were used as the sample size. Primary data was obtained using self-administered structured questionnaires. A pilot study was conducted in the County Government of Kisumu, which borders the study area. The Cronbach alpha test, which is a measure of internal consistency, was used to evaluate instrument validity, while the Cronbach alpha test, which is a measure of internal consistency, was used to assess the dependability of the research instruments. The obtained data was edited, cleaned, and coded before being analyzed using SPSS version 24. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to summarize data using frequencies, percentages and means. Pearson correlation coefficient was computed to test if there was correlation between variables while multiple linear regression model was utilized to determine relationships between the independent and dependent variables. Results based on the fitted model indicated that budget reforms had positive and significant effect on public expenditures. Financial reporting reforms had a positive and significant effect on public expenditures. On the other hand, the regression analysis revealed that the public financial management reforms explained up to 78.0% change in public expenditures in five counties from western region of Kenya. The study concluded that public financial management reforms significantly influence public expenditures in five counties from western region of Kenya. The study recommended that there is need to establish budget stabilization fund through an Act of Parliament. This fund will go a long way to enhance the practicability of exchequer release to the spending units. Budget stabilization fund can be used to make sure that there are no delays in budget execution and programme implementation. The study recommended that County Governments should hasten the adoption of International Public Sector Accounting Standards and at the same time operationalize Treasury Single Account to enhance transparency and accountability in their expenditures. Further, more reforms should focus on disclosure of public sector financial information and fair reporting of service concession agreements in order to improve transparency in public expenditure.
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Effect of Pesalink and Mvisa on Financial Deepening among Tier 1 Commercial Banks in Kenya.
(International Journal of Science and Research, 2021) Bunyasi, Gladys N.; Serah, Daniel M.
The study sought to determine the joint effect of Pesalink and M-visa on financial deepening among tier I commercial banks in Kenya. Descriptive research design was adopted and a total of 8 tier I commercial banks were targeted. Census was used and thus all the 8 banks were covered. Primary data was collected using the questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics like means and standard deviations and inferential statistics covering correlation and regression analysis. The results were presented using tables and charts. The study concluded that PesaLink as well as M-visa are significant drivers of financial deepening among tier I commercial banks in Kenya. The study recommends that the sales managers of the tier I commercial banks should invest a lot of resources to create more awareness among customers on the need to increase the adoption of Pesalink and Mvisa. The Central Bank of Kenya should formulate regulations and guidelines that would promote Pesa link and m-visa models among tier I commercial banks in Kenya. The study was limited by a small sample size of 8 tier I commercial banks operating in Kenya. Future studies are recommended to be conducted linking electronic banking with other concepts aside from financial deepening. Besides the tier I commercial banks, future studies can be conducted focusing on the whole commercial banks for generalization of the findings.
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Effects of Risk Assessment and Internal Audit Standards on Financial Performance of State Owned Corporations in Kenya: A Case Study of the Ministry of Labour Social and Security Services
(Journal of Finance and Accounting, 2017) Muraguri, Irene; Bunyasi, Gladys N.W.; Muchiri, Renson
Risk based internal auditing impacts a firm's usage of its own internal audit function to boost risk management and control as well as power which in turn influences accountability and enhances accuracy of financial statements thereby influencing financial performance in institutions of finance. Â Recent corporate collapses and financial scandals have triggered world-wide concern with corporate governance emphasized apparent failures of accountability. State corporations in Kenya have in the recent past experienced a number of corporate failures related to corporate power structures in place. The general objective of this study was to establish the effect of risk based audit on performance of state owned corporations in Kenya. The specific objectives was to establish effect of risk assessment on performance of state owned corporations in Kenya and to investigate the effect of internal audit standards on performance of state owned corporations in Kenya; Descriptive design was used in the study. 160 employees were used from the selected from corporation owned by the state as the population target. This comprised of directors, managers, and administrators of departments from, NITA, National Human Resource Planning and Development National Council for Children, Registrar of Trade Unions, and National Council for Persons with Disability, National Employment Bureau, NSSF and Productivity Centre for Kenya. The study engaged census approach since the population was minor. Primary data was collected by use of structured questionnaires and was studied quantitatively using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). SPSS engendered both descriptive statistics such as frequencies, mean, percentages of the received responses. Inferential statistics included regression and bivariate correlation. The study established that risk assessment and internal audit standard were positively and ominously related to performance of state owned corporations. Built on the results above the study determined that risk based auditing through risk assessment and internal audit standard positively affected the financial performance of state owned corporations in Kenya. The study endorsed that management of parastatals should implement effective risk based audit practices such as risk assessment, internal audit standards, control environment and information system to enhance effective and efficient performance.
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Effects of Information System and Control Environment on Financial Performance of State Owned Corporations in Kenya: A Case Study of the Ministry of Labour Social and Security Services
(Journal of Finance and Accounting, 2017) Muraguri, Irene; Bunyasi, Gladys N.W.; Muchiri, Renson
State corporations require good performance from individuals to achieve their objectives. In view of the growing presence of technology, it becomes necessary to understand performance in the context of information systems. The control environment is the foundation on which an effective system of internal control is built and operated in an organization that strives to achieve its strategic objectives, provide reliable financial reporting to internal and external stakeholders, operate its business efficiently and effectively, comply with all applicable laws and regulations, and safeguard its assets. State corporations in Kenya have in the recent past experienced a number of corporate failures related to corporate power structures in place. The general objective of this study was to establish the effect of internal control systems on performance of state owned corporations in Kenya. The specific objectives was to establish the effect of information system on performance of state owned corporations in Kenya and to investigate the effect of control environment on performance of state owned corporations in Kenya; Descriptive design was used in the study. 160 employees were used from the selected from corporation owned by the state as the population target. This comprised of directors, managers, and administrators of departments from, NITA, National Human Resource Planning and Development National Council for Children, Registrar of Trade Unions, and National Council for Persons with Disability, National Employment Bureau, NSSF and Productivity Centre for Kenya. The study engaged census approach since the population was minor. Primary data was collected by use of structured questionnaires and was studied quantitatively using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). SPSS engendered both descriptive statistics such as frequencies, mean, percentages of the received responses. Inferential statistics included regression and bivariate correlation. The study established that information systems and control environment were positively and ominously related to performance of state owned corporations. Built on the results above the study determined that internal control systems through information systems and control environment positively affected the financial performance of state owned corporations in Kenya. The study recommended that management of parastatals should implement effective internal control systems such as information system and control environment to enhance effective and efficient performance
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Effect of Internal Controls on Financial Performance of Water Companies in Kenya (a Case of Water Companies in Tana Water Services Board)
(American Journal of Finance, 2016) Njiru, Dickson K.; Bunyasi, Gladys N.W.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of internal controls on financial performance of water service Providers in Kenya a case study of Water Companies under Tana Water services Board region in Kenya.Methodology: The study used a descriptive survey study research design. The population of the study was 22 Members of the audit committee, 22 Finance Managers, 22 internal auditors and 22 senior accountants in WSPs in TWSB region as at December 2014. The study conducted a purposive sampling of the selected members of the Audit Committee, Finance/ Commercial Managers, Internal Auditors and Senior Accountants in the selected WSPs. The study used primary method of which was obtained by use of structured questionnaires. The data was prepared in readiness for analysis by editing, handling blank responses, coding, categorizing and keyed into statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) computer software for analysis. The particular descriptive statistics included frequencies and percentages while the particular inferential statistics included correlation analysis and regression. Correlation analysis was to establish the association between the variables while a multiple linear regression model was used to test the significance of the influence of the independent variables on the dependent variable. The data was represented in form of tables and pie charts.Results: The study found that segregation of duties, cash reconciliation, inventory audits and cost management influence the performance of water companies under Tana water services Board. The findings revealed a strong positive relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study also recommended that the managers of water companies should adopt efficient management practices. This will help improve the financial performance of the water companies. The study also recommended that the managers address various challenges affecting internal control systems in the water companies. The challenges hindered effective financial performance of the organizations.