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This Knowledge Repository aims to provide the long-term preservation, organization and distribution of digital knowledge products published by KCAU.

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Recent Submissions

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Effect of Transformational Leadership on Organisational Performance of Top 100 SMEs in Nairobi, Kenya
(Journal of Human Resource & Leadership, 2024) Gachira, Joseph N.; Ntara, Caroline
The study examined the impact of transformational leadership on the performance of SMEs in Nairobi. It explored four characteristics of transformational leadership: idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration. Grounded in various Transformational Leadership Theory, the research used a descriptive survey design, focusing on ten SMEs, selected as category winners in the KPMG top 100 SMEs in Kenya for 2022. Data was collected through structured questionnaires, both online and with research assistants, and analysed using SPSS version 20.0, employing descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed a positive relationship between these leadership traits and SME performance. Intellectual stimulation, idealized influence, and inspirational motivation significantly impacted performance, emphasizing the importance of innovation, role modelling, trust, and team inspiration. Individualized consideration also enhanced performance by addressing employee needs. The study highlighted the crucial role of transformational leadership in improving SME performance in Nairobi, recommending promotion of intellectual stimulation, ethical behavior, clear vision communication, and personalized support to boost organizational success.
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Capital Adequacy, competition and Liquidity Creation of Banks; Evidence from Kenya.
(African Journal of Economic and Management Studies, 2024) Kinini,Dennis M; Kariuki, Peter W; Ocharo, Kennedy N.
Purpose The study seeks to evaluate the effect of capital adequacy and competition on the liquidity creation of Kenyan commercial banks. Design/methodology/approach Unbalanced panel data from 36 Kenyan commercial banks with licenses from 2001 to 2020 is used in the study. The generalized method of moments (GMM), a two-step system, is employed in the investigation. To increase the robustness and prevent erroneous findings, serial correlation tests and instrumental validity analyses are used. The methodology developed by Berger and Bouwman (2009) is used to estimate the commercial banks' levels of liquidity creation. Findings The study supports the financial fragility-crowding out hypothesis by finding a significant negative effect of capital adequacy on the liquidity creation of commercial banks. The research also identifies a significant inverse relationship between competition and liquidity creation, depicting competition's value-destroying effect. Practical implications A trade-off exists between capital adequacy and liquidity creation, which must be carefully evaluated as changes in capital requirements are considered. The value-destroying effect of competition on liquidity creation presents a case for policy geared toward consolidating banks' operations through possible mergers and acquisitions. Originality/value To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to empirically offer evidence concurrently on the effect of competition and capital adequacy on the liquidity creation of commercial banks in a developing economy such as Kenya. Additionally, the authors employ a novel measure of competition at the firm level.
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Accountability Principle and Financial Management of National Government Constituency Development Fund in Nyanza Region, Kenya
(Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 2025) Ochieng, Julliet A; Okonga, Brigitte W
The main objective of the research was to establish the influence of the principle of accountability on the financial management of National Government Constituency Development Fund (NG-CDF) in Nyanza Region, Kenya. The study was guided agency theory. Descriptive research design was adopted for the study. The total population of the study was 420 respondents from all the 42 constituencies across Nyanza Region, Kenya represented by 42 fund managers and 378 NG-CDF committee members. Proportional sampling, developed by Taro Yamane, was used to calculate the study's sample size of 205. The study used questionnaire as data collection tool for primary data. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with aid of SPSS version 26. The results indicated that there was linear relationship between accountability principle and financial management as tested by the Pearson Correlation Analysis (r=0.757, p=0.000). Accountability principles accounted up to 57.3% significant variance in financial management (R square =.573, P=0.000). Therefore, the study concluded that accountability principle has significant influence on the financial management of NG-CDF in NG-CDF in Nyanza Region, Kenya. The study recommended that policy makers should put in place enabling policies and procedures to help put in place a board that is independent, accountable, well structures and committed in regards to Chapter VI of the Constitution of Kenya 2010 on integrity and leadership. Corporate Governance Principles, Accountability Principle, Financial Management, National Government Constituency Development Fund
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Corporate Governance and Organizational Performance: Evidence from Emerging Economies in Africa
(African Journal of Management Research, 2026-07-20) Fredrick Kariithi Githui; Fredrick Kariithi Githui
The study investigates the corporate governance practices-organizational performance nexus in frontier African economies within a multi-country context to fill literature gaps in African contexts. Quantitative panel data analysis is used on secondary data of 120 Kenyan, Nigerian, Ghanaian, and South African listed firms from the period 2013 to 2023. Fixed-effects regression is used in modeling the governance mechanism-firm performance nexus. Findings show that board independence and audit effectiveness are positively linked with return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). CEO duality and concentrated ownership negatively influence financial performance and firm reputation. These relationships vary across countries depending on institutional framework quality. Innovation is captured by an index of R&D intensity, product development, and patent applications, addressing measurement limitations in prior studies. The shortcoming is country heterogeneity in data quality and further longitudinal analysis to be done. This article bridges a regional knowledge shortfall by giving comparative African data-based observations, and integrating agency and stakeholder theories with a cohesive analytical framework.
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Mapping the landscape of digital nutrition knowledge repositories in Kenya and beyond: A Systematic Review
(2026) Sharlene Mbula Mule,; Dr. Jackson Ndolo; Dr. Eunice Njagi
Background: Many developed nations have created national digital nutrition and health repositories backed by science and are continuously updated. These health knowledge repositories serve as standardized, easily accessible reference points for healthcare workers and have formed the basis for evidence-based, patient-centered health guidelines. However, such digital health interventions are non-existent or highly inaccessible for clinical nutritionists in developing nations like Kenya. Health knowledge management in Sub-Saharan Africa often focuses on digitizing public health repositories on thematic areas such as food insecurity, malnutrition, or water, sanitation, and hygiene. This leaves the clinical sector with analog repositories, such as printed manuals, booklets, or charts, which are an inefficient way to access updated scientific guidelines and can lead to misinformation and non-standardization of practice among clinicians. Objective: This review examines global and regional frameworks for creating evidence-based nutrition or health knowledge repositories to understand the frameworks used, their benefits, challenges and implementation gaps. Methodology: The review analyzed 11 eligible studies identified through searches of Scopus, Elsevier Journal Finder, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Emerald Publishing, Semantic Scholar and the Cochrane Library, supplemented by selected institutional websites. It highlights common themes in frameworks and design principles, drivers and benefits of digital health repositories, implementation barriers and challenges and cultural adaptation. Results: The review notes that common principles used are FAIR and TRUST principles, knowledge management frameworks, and consideration of cultural concepts. The key gap noted is limited empirical evidence from Kenya or East Africa. Conclusion: The review proposes conceptualizing a Kenyan digital clinical nutrition knowledge repository by connecting global evidence with local context to advance nutrition knowledge system innovations and health outcomes. Keywords: Nutrition knowledge repository; Digital health; Evidence-based practice; Knowledge management in clinical practices; Healthcare professional guidelines.