Theses and Dissertations
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Item Effect Of Audit Committee Characteristics On Fraud Detection In State Ministries In Kenya.(KCA University, 2017) Atieno, Lilian V.This study sought to determine the effect of audit committee characteristics on fraud reduction in state ministries in Kenya. The study used a descriptive research design. The population for the study was the 20 government ministries. The study used secondary sources of data because it saved a lot of time as compared to conducting interviews and also enabled the study to collect objective data. The study covered a period of three years which was sufficient for establishing the relationship between audit committee characteristics and number of fraud incidences. Panel data was obtained from treasury, transparency international and the ministries whereby data on the specific variables under investigation was extracted from annual reports, financial statements and records. A document analysis guide was prepared to guide the researcher in collection of data on audit committee characteristics and number of fraud incidences in all the 20 state ministries in Kenya. Data was analysed using Stata data analysis and statistical software. Descriptive statistics used entailed mean analysis, minimum, maximum and standard deviation. To test the research hypothesis on the effect of audit committee characteristics on fraud reduction, the study adopted fixed effects panel data model. Results from the study indicate that number of audit committee meetings (β = -0.4385; p < 0.05) and expertise of the audit committees (β = - 0.4593; p < 0.05) had negative and significant effect on the incidences of fraud in the state ministries. The study also established that tenure of the audit committees had a significant positive effect on incidences of fraud in the state ministries in Kenya (β = 0.3601; p < 0.05). Size of the audit committee (β = 1.5284; P > 0.05) and independence of audit committees (β = -0.1546; p > 0.05) did not have a significant effect on fraud incidences in the ministries. Following the findings from the study, the following recommendations were made. First, ministries in Kenya should ensure that they have audit committee members who have expertise in finance, accounting auditing. Secondly, the ministries should adhere to the statutory provision which indicates that audit committees should have at least four meetings in a year. Lastly the study recommends to the ministries to ensure that tenure of audit committee members are shortened. Having longer tenure is expected to erode independence and objectivity of the members and hence jeopardize their ability to deal with their monitoring role.Item The Influence Of Non-monetary Rewards On Employee Performance In Muranga Water And Sanitation Company, Murang’a County(KCA University, 2014) Zachary, Ngatia M.Employee performance is fundamental component that facilitates organizational growth and sustainability. This study was done objectively by assessing the influence of recognition, career development, employee independence and flexible schedules on employee performance in Muranga water and sanitation company, Murang’a County. The study used descriptive survey research design by using quantitative as well as qualitative research methods. The target population of this study was all the 87 employees working at Murang’a Water and Sanitation Company, comprising of 3 top managers, 21 middle level employees and 63 lower level employees from Murang’a Water and Sanitation Company. This study used a census survey method of selecting the sample size, a sampling method that targets all the respondents indicated in the study population for effective information, and also because the number of respondents is small. Therefore, the sample size for this study was 87 respondents. Data was collected using a questionnaire as the primary data collection instrument, which was administered by the researcher so as to achieve a higher feedback rate. Analysis of the collected data was done via qualitative content analysis for open-ended questions, and quantitative data analyzed by the use of SPSS (statistical package for social sciences), and frequency tables, charts and percentages will be used to present and interpret the data. This study was expected to establish how non-monetary rewards can be used to improve employee performance. This study found out that there is a strong relationship between employee independence and performance. Also, the study found out that recognition has a significant impact on employee’s satisfaction and productivity, and that employees attach great value to recognition as part of rewards. In addition, the study found out that a high level of level of organizational effectiveness is achieved when organizations adopt career development as a way of boosting employee performance to a great extent. Finally, the study found out that flexible working schedules render employees great flexibility in how their jobs are done, creating good morale can help in keeping stress at low levels, and so employees are not only happier but healthier, lead to improved productivity. This study concluded that recognition has a significant impact on employee’s satisfaction and productivity, a high level of level of organizational effectiveness is achieved when organizations adopt career development as a way of boosting employee performance to a great extent, and that flexible working schedules render employees great flexibility in how their jobs are done, creating good morale can help in keeping stress at low levels, and so employees are not only happier but healthier, lead to improved productivity. This study recommends that the management in organizations minimizes its emphasis on monetary rewards like bonuses, to capitalize on non-monetary rewards, majorly by recognizing, allowing independence, offering flexible working hours as well as promoting career development for their employees, because these forms of rewards are likely to boost employee performance to a great extent, and in turn enhance organizational performance.Item Effect Of Corporate Governance Structures On Organizational Performance Of State Corporations In Education Sector In Kenya(Kca University, 2020) Mwangi, Anthony C.Corporate governance structure are the systems and regulations created within an organization, to help guide the decision-making processes. This help in determining the respective roles to be played by various stakeholders to the organization. Corporate governance has been shown to have an impact on the performance of state corporations. However, most of these studies concentrate on the board structures and how they affect the financial performance of the organization in respect to Return on Equity, Return on Assets and Tobin’s Q. This research aims to explore the impact of corporate governance structures on performance of State Corporations in the education sector in Kenya. This area is least studied especially being a service oriented and largely non-commercial sector. The objective of the study is to establish the influence of CEOs attributes on performance, examine the influence of board structure on performance and find out the impact of the audit committee on performance of state corporations in Kenya. The study targets 171 respondents across 27 sampled state corporations under the education sector in Kenya. The respondents are drawn from Senior and middle level managers, finance and accounts officers and internal audit staff. The 27 state corporations were selected using a stratified random sampling technique from the target population of 45 state corporations. The data was be collected for the three objectives with specific questions on Board diversity, attributes of the CEO, Independence of the Audit Committee. The data collection tool used a close ended questionnaire; there were 134 questionnaires returned out of the targeted 162, through a drop and pick method. The data collected was cleaned, coded and posted to SPSS Ver 23 for analysis. A regression model was be used to analyze the existing relationship between the variables; independent variables: CEO Attributes, Board Diversity and Audit Committee effect on the organizational performance being the dependent variable. Diagnostic tests were conducted to check for normality and multicollinearity. The study found that CEOs attributes, Board of directors’ diversity and audit committee had significant effect at α=0.05 and contribute 27.7% of variations of performance in state corporations in education sector in Kenya. The study therefore recommends that, for enhanced performance of state corporations in the education sector in Kenya, stakeholders should appoint CEOs with rich experience, boards with diversity including gender and audit committee members who have higher qualifications especially, professional qualifications.