Browsing by Author "Waswa, Fanice N."

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Communication as a Driver of Job Attraction and Retention: Evidence from Generation Z Employees in Kenya’s Private Sector
(The International Journal of Humanities & Social Studies, 2026) Waswa, Fanice N.; Wilson, Mukwa R.
This study examines the role of communication as a determinant of job attraction and retention among Generation Z employees in Kenya's private sector. Positioned within a labor market characterized by rapid digital transformation and intensifying competition for talent, the study adopts a qualitative, interpretivist design to explore how communication practices are experienced and evaluated by young employees. Data were collected through semi structured interviews and focus group discussions involving 240 participants across Nairobi, Mombasa, Kisumu, and Eldoret. The findings demonstrate that communication functions as a continuous evaluative mechanism through which employees assess organizational credibility, relational intent, and prospects. Specifically, timely and transparent communication during recruitment enhances organizational attractiveness, while consistent feedback and accessible communication structures sustain engagement and strengthen retention. In contrast, delayed, ambiguous, or hierarchical communication creates uncertainty, weakens trust, and contributes to cumulative disengagement and turnover intentions. The study further shows that digital communication, though efficient, introduces interpretive challenges when misaligned with message complexity. By integrating job attraction and retention within a single communication-based framework, the study extends existing human resource and organizational communication literature and offers practical implications for improving workforce stability in emerging economies.
Culture and the participation of women in small-scale mining in Zimbabwe
(International Journal of Current Research, 2026) Muzamani, Rudo S.; Waswa, Fanice N.
This study examines the role of culture in women's participation in the small-scale mining sector in the Bindura District, Mashonaland Central Province, Zimbabwe. The research explores the influence of cultural beliefs, the effects of a patriarchal value system, and the social status of women on their ability to actively engage in and participate in gainful activities in the small-scale mining sector. The research is anchored in the glass ceiling theory, the biological theory, and the symbolic interaction theory. These theoretical frameworks were instrumental in shaping the understanding of the systematic challenges women encounter in a typical male-dominated environment. The study adopted a descriptive research methodological approach, selecting a population of 60 women actively engaged in small-scale mining activities in the Bindura District. Judgmental and snowball sampling approaches were used to identify specific women in the small-scale mining sector as respondents to this research. Data were collected via questionnaires using a drop-and-pick method and analysed in SPSS version 25 using descriptive statistics. Respondents’ demographics included gender, age, education level, and marital status. Findings showed that cultural value systems systematically excluded women from male-dominated work environments. The findings also indicated that though religion reinforced cultural value systems that limit women, acculturation has improved their chances of participating in the small-scale mining sector. The rising level of education is also enabling some women to attain leadership positions.