Browsing by Author "Wanyoike, Charles Githira."

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Effect of sustainable development financing on economic growth in Kenya.
(IOSR Journals., 2024) Wanyoike, Charles Githira.; David, Jeremiah Makanga.
For any economy to grow, financing is a very vital aspect. This study looks at how Kenya's economy is affected by financial resources for sustainable development. It specifically looks at the impact on Kenya's economic growth of foreign direct investment, remittances, external debt, and domestic credit to the private sector. The study was founded on the four theoretical foundations: Electric Paradigm Theory, Dependency Theory, Financial Intermediation Theory, and Institutional Theory. The study adopted correlational research design. Yearly data was collected from 1990 to 2023 on FDI inflows, remittance, external debt, domestic credit and GDP. The study used time series data since the data was collected on yearly basis. Once the data was collected, it was analyzed using STATA software. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were carried out as well as pre and post diagnostics tests. The findings showed that foreign direct investment (FDI) had a favorable effect on economic growth. It was also demonstrated that remittances, which encourage investment and the development of human capital, are essential to Kenya's economy. The findings also showed that, despite the possibility that they would negatively impact economic growth, legislative measures should be implemented to maximize their developmental effects. Based on the results, it can be said that Kenya's external debt is a barrier to its economic development. It was suggested that in order to draw foreign capital into important industries like manufacturing, technology, and infrastructure, governments should concentrate on diversifying investment opportunities. Enhancing financial inclusion initiatives is vital; further research is needed to expand on the discoveries about remittances' impact on development. There is also a need to conduct longitudinal studies to monitor the long-lasting effects of sustainable financial development on sustainability and financial stability.
Formalising informal trade: redefining Kenya's micro, small, and medium enterprise standards and regulatory environment
(Frontiers, 2026) Wanyoike, Charles Githira.; Ntara, Caroline.; Onywera, Vincent.; Ngari, Esther.; Njiru, Joshua Mugendi.; Rintari, Ann.; Njeru, Evalyne.; Muriira, Geoffrey.; Rotich, Henry.; Kaigwara, Peter.
Abstract Kenya's informal sector remains excluded from formal trade due to fragmented regulation, complex standards, and the significant expansion of digital marketplaces. Drawing on market data, legislative review, and reputable literature, we identify regulatory gaps that impede compliance by informal Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), as well as significant behavioural obstacles, including elevated perceived compliance costs, information asymmetries, and limited trust. We propose a framework featuring informal MSME-specific, graduated standards, digital market surveillance, and platform-based seller verification, all aimed at fostering trust and reducing compliance friction. By addressing both behavioural and regulatory gaps, this approach seeks to enhance consumer protection, empower informal MSMEs, and promote inclusive growth in Kenya. Future research should evaluate the framework's effectiveness and scalability in Kenya and similar contexts across Africa and beyond.
From data to market impact: a conceptual process model linking big data analytics to sustainable marketing performance through intelligence transformation.
(Wohllebe & Ross., 2026) Wanyoike, Charles Githira.; Owino, Edward Otieno.; Mokua, Juniter Kwamboka.; Onyango, Dorcas Awino.
The competitive marketing environment has changed as businesses increasingly use big data analytics (BDA), but there is limited theoretical understanding of how raw data translates into measurable marketing results. The paper introduces a five-stage process model showing how BDA data streams transform into sustainable marketing results through intelligence transformation as the mediating component. The model developed from Resource-Based View (RBV), Dynamic Capabilities Theory, and Data-Information-Knowledge-Wisdom (DIKW) hierarchy principles was used to conduct systematic literature synthesis through peer-reviewed sources between 2018 and 2024. It was created through structured literature synthesis, identifying 76 sources via PRISMA-based screening from Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The model identifies intelligence transformation as the pivotal mediating stage at which the BDA-performance relationship is most decisively shaped. The study presents five research-based hypotheses that identify organizational absorptive capacity and data governance maturity as crucial factors that define the study's limits. The study results provide a step-by-step implementation guide and KPI framework to help marketing managers and chief data officers achieve their strategic and sustainable marketing goals through BDA investments, while the research presents a unified theoretical framework that shows how organized data sensing develops into sustained competitive advantage.
Institutional governance and financial sustainability of water resources authority basin areas in Kenya .
(Wohllebe & Ross., 2026) Wanyoike, Charles Githira.; Nyaoro, Rogers.
Literature consistently underscored institutional governance as one of the most critical strategies for driving financial sustainability. Notwithstanding, most of these studies highlight contextual gaps, conceptual gaps and methodological gaps. Therefore, this study assessed effect of institutional governance on the financial sustainability of Kenyan Water Resources Authority basin areas. In the research, a descriptive research design was adopted, targeting the six Water Resources Authority basin areas in Kenya. The study used a census approach with a sample size of 160 respondents, from whom primary data was gathered through a carefully crafted questionnaire. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling was used to construct and validate a conceptual model focused on financial sustainability of Water Resources Authority in Kenya. The study concluded that each of; accountability (β=0.1989; p<0.01), transparency (β=0.7725; p= 0.004) and stakeholder participation (β=0.1774; p=0.001) has significant and positive effect on financial sustainability of WRA basin areas in Kenya. The study recommends that Water Resources Authority basin areas in Kenya should strengthen accountability and improve transparency mechanisms so as to build greater stakeholder trust and clarity. These actions provide actionable suggestions for improving financial management, resource allocation, and service delivery in water resource authority.
Sustainability reporting and financial performance of listed financial firms in Kenya
(Scientific Publishing Institute., 2023) Wanyoike, Charles Githira.; Omollo, Joel Agutu.
Financial sector stability is vital for the realization of economic development. Failure to incorporate environmental, social and governance (ESG) elements into corporate strategies can lead to corporate failure. Through the adoption of a descriptive research design, this study aims to determine the relationship between sustainability reporting and the financial performance of financial companies listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE) in Kenya. Through the census method, the study population of twenty-three listed financial firms was obtained, and secondary data for the period from 2015 to 2021 was extracted through content analysis. Data on predictor variables were obtained through a document check index utilizing a non-refined exploratory factor analysis, while data on the response variable were obtained directly from annual reports. The data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. Modelling was further adopted through feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) to counter the problem of first order serial correlation. The findings indicate a positive and significant relationship between ESG reporting and the financial performance of listed financial firms in Kenya. The results imply that firms should embrace sustainability since ESG drives corporate strategies and will help firms to improve their performance, which will bring improved resilience. Focus on the triple bottom line enables value maximization for the three Ps – profit, people, and planet – thus facilitating sustainable development. The harmonization of reporting guidelines which is process-driven rather than content-driven will minimize greenwashing by firms. Lastly, industry players should ensure the availability and quality of ESG data.
The influence of capital inflows on environmental quality in Sub-Saharan Africa
(Taylor & Francis., 2026) Wanyoike, Charles Githira.; Bunyasi, Gladys.; Makokha, David.
Abstract Sustainable financial ventures support environmental quality in attaining sustainable development goals in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Despite mobilization of capital inflows, climate vulnerabilities have persisted from carbon leakage, lower green finances and budgetary constraints. This paper examined the influence of capital inflows on environmental quality in SSA. A reduced panel of 20 SSA countries was utilized and dynamic panel GMM for estimations. Autocorrelations at AR (1) from Arellano-Bond tests were statistically significant at 0.05, while AR (2) observed no significance. Instrument counts and Hansen tests validated that instrument variables from lagged values were valid. The strong statistical dependence and temporal persistence from L1.ihs_CO2, L1.ihs_AQI and L1.ihs_EFPRD, contributed to environmental quality variations given past policies on expanded industrial manufacturing, fiscal rigidities, conventional energy and low technology. Additionally, the EKC theory was not supported in this research given the statistical insignificance of GDP per capita, resulting from high p values above the 0.05 significance level. This paper recommends fiscal policies that prioritize carbon-free economies through sustainable partnerships in climate resilience programs and eco-entrepreneurship to address recurring emissions. Moreover, government and economic analysts should manage structural deficits on key environmental programs by developing their financial architecture through concessional finance and debt sustainability strategies.